Silicon karfe rarrabawa

Silicon karfe yawanci ana rarraba bisa ga abun ciki na baƙin ƙarfe, aluminum da alli, manyan ƙazanta uku da ke ƙunshe a cikin haɗin ƙarfe na silicon.Bisa ga abun ciki na baƙin ƙarfe, aluminum da calcium a cikin silicon karfe, silicon karfe za a iya raba zuwa 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101 da sauran daban-daban maki.

A cikin masana'antu, ƙarfe na siliki yawanci ana yin shi ta hanyar rage silicon dioxide daga carbon a cikin tanderun lantarki.Sinadarin halayen halayen: SiO2 + 2C → Si + 2CO don haka tsarkin silicon shine 97 ~ 98%, wanda ake kira silicon karfe.Bayan narkewa, recrystallization, ƙazanta da aka cire tare da acid, an sami tsabtar 99.7 ~ 99.8% silicon karfe.

Ƙarfe na siliki ya ƙunshi mafi yawan siliki kuma don haka yana da kama da siliki.Akwai nau'i biyu na siliki amorphous da silicon crystalline.Amorphous silicon foda ne mai launin toka-baki wanda a zahiri microcrystal ne.Crystalline silicon yana da tsarin kristal da kaddarorin semiconductor na lu'u-lu'u, maki mai narkewa 1410 ℃, wurin tafasa 2355 ℃, yawa 2.32 ~ 2.34 g / cm 3, taurin Mohs 7, gaggautsa.Amorphous silicification yana da aiki sinadaran Properties kuma zai iya ƙone tsanani a cikin oxygen.Yana iya amsawa da marasa ƙarfe irin su halogen, nitrogen da carbon a matsanancin zafin jiki, kuma yana iya amsawa da karafa irin su magnesium, calcium da baƙin ƙarfe don samar da silicides.Amorphous silicon kusan ba zai iya narkewa a cikin duk inorganic acid da Organic acid, gami da hydrofluoric acid, amma mai narkewa a cikin cakuda nitric acid da hydrofluoric acid.Mahimmin bayani mai mahimmanci sodium hydroxide zai iya narkar da siliki amorphous kuma ya saki iskar hydrogen.Silicon crystalline ba ya aiki sosai kuma baya yin tururi da iskar oxygen koda a yanayin zafi mai yawa.Ba shi da narkewa a cikin kowane nau'in inorganic acid da Organic acid, amma mai narkewa a cikin cakuda nitric acid da hydrofluoric acid kuma a cikin abubuwan da aka tattara na sodium hydroxide.