Hoʻolako Fitech, pauda metala makamae osmium

Osmium, ka mea kaumaha loa ma ka honua

Hoʻolauna

ʻO Osmium kahi mea hui VIII o ka papaʻaina.ʻO kekahi o ka pūʻulu platinum (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum) mau mea.ʻO ka hōʻailona element ʻo Os, ʻo ka helu ʻātoma he 76, a ʻo ke kaumaha ʻātoma he 190.2.He 1 × 10-7% ka maʻiʻo o ka crust (mass), a ua hoʻohālikelike pinepine ia me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka moʻo platinum, e like me ka platinum ore, nickel pyrite, nickel sulfide ore, gray-iridium osmium ore, osmium- iridium alloy, etc. ʻO ka Osmium he metala hina-uliuli me kahi helu heheʻe o 2700 ° C, kahi paila i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 5300 ° C, a me ka nui o 22.48 g / cm3.Paʻakikī a palupalu.ʻO ka osmium metala nui ʻaʻole hana kemika a paʻa i ka ea a me nā wahi haʻahaʻa.E hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo Spongy a i ʻole pauka osmium i ʻehā Chemicalbook osmium oxides ma ke ana wela.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Osmium ma ke ʻano he mea paʻakikī no nā ʻāpana metala pūʻulu platinum e hana i nā carbide cemented ʻaʻahu a me ka corrosion-resistant.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā huila i hana ʻia me ka osmium a me ka iridium, rhodium, ruthenium, platinum, etc.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana Osmium-iridium e like me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo peni, nā nila mea hoʻokani leo, nā panana, nā pivots no nā mea kani, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.Hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka osmium tetroxide i ʻeleʻele osmium dioxide e kekahi mau mea olaola, no laila hoʻohana ʻia ia i kekahi manawa ma ke ʻano he ʻili kiko i ka microscopy electron.Hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻo Osmium tetroxide i ka synthesis organik.ʻAʻole ʻawaʻawa ka metala Osmium.ʻO ka Osmium tetroxide ka mea hoʻonāukiuki a me nā meaʻawaʻawa, a he hopena koʻikoʻi ma ka ʻili, nā maka a me ka ʻōpū hanu luna.

Nā waiwai kino

ʻO ka osmium metala he hina-uliuli ka waihoʻoluʻu a ʻo ia wale nō ka metala i ʻike ʻia ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka iridium.Loaʻa i nā ʻātoma Osmium kahi ʻano aniani hexagonal nui, he metala paʻakikī loa.He paʻakikī a he palupalu i ka wela kiʻekiʻe.ʻO ka HV o 1473K he 2940MPa, he mea paʻakikī ke hana.

Hoʻohana

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Osmium ma ke ʻano he catalyst i ka ʻoihana.Ke hoʻohana nei i ka osmium ma ke ʻano he catalyst i ka synthesis ammonia a i ʻole hydrogenation reaction, hiki ke loaʻa ka hoʻololi kiʻekiʻe ma kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.Inā hoʻohui ʻia kahi osmium liʻiliʻi i ka platinum, hiki ke hana ʻia i scalpel osmium platinum alloy paʻakikī a ʻoi.Hiki ke hana ʻia ka osmium iridium alloy me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka osmium a me kekahi nui o ka iridium.No ka laʻana, ʻo ke kiko kālā ma ka piko o kekahi mau peni gula kiʻekiʻe he osmium iridium alloy.ʻO ka Osmium iridium alloy he paʻakikī a paʻa i ka lole, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka lawe ʻana i nā uaki a me nā mea hana koʻikoʻi, me ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi.