Ngwunye Fitech, osmium metal dị oke ọnụ ahịa

Osmium, ihe kacha dị arọ n'ụwa

Okwu mmalite

Osmium bụ otu VIII nke tebụl oge.Otu n'ime otu platinum (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum).Akara mmewere bụ Os, nọmba atọm bụ 76, na arọ atọm bụ 190.2.Ọdịnaya nke jikọrọ ọnụ bụ 1 × 10-7% (oke), ọ na-abụkarị symbiotic na ihe ndị ọzọ nke usoro platinum, dị ka platinum ore mbụ, nickel pyrite, nickel sulfide ore, gray-iridium osmium ore, osmium- iridium alloy, wdg. Osmium bụ ọla isi awọ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ebe mgbaze nke 2700ºC, ebe esi mmiri dị elu karịa 5300C, yana njupụta nke 22.48 g/cm3.Ike na kenkuwa.Osmium metal buru ibu anaghị arụ ọrụ kemịkalụ ma kwụsie ike na gburugburu ikuku na iru mmiri.Spongy ma ọ bụ osmium ntụ ntụ ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ mee ka ọ bụrụ osmium oxides anọ n'ime ụlọ okpomọkụ.A na-eji Osmium eme ihe dị ka ihe siri ike maka platinum otu metal alloys iji rụpụta carbide dị iche iche na-eguzogide eyi na corrosion na-eguzogide ọgwụ.Alloys nke osmium na iridium, rhodium, ruthenium, platinum, wdg nwere ike iji mee kọntaktị na plọg nke ngwá ọrụ na ngwa eletriki.Osmium-iridium alloys nwere ike iji dị ka pen Atụmatụ, ndekọ player agịga, compasses, pivots maka ngwá, wdg N'ime valvụ ụlọ ọrụ, ike nke cathode emit electrons na-emewanye site condensing osmium vapor n'elu filament nke valvụ.Enwere ike ibelata Osmium tetroxide ka ọ bụrụ osmium dioxide ojii site na ụfọdụ ihe ndị dị ndụ, ya mere a na-eji ya mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ntụpọ anụ ahụ na microscopy eletrọn.A na-ejikwa Osmium tetroxide na njikọ organic.Osmium metal adịghị egbu egbu.Osmium tetroxide na-agbakasị ahụ nke ukwuu ma na-egbu egbu, ma nwee mmetụta siri ike na akpụkpọ ahụ, anya na akụkụ iku ume elu.

Njirimara anụ ahụ

Osmium ọla bụ isi awọ-acha anụnụ anụnụ na agba na ọ bụ naanị ọla a maara na ọ dị obere karịa iridium.Atọm Osmium nwere nnukwu kristal hexagonal, nke bụ ọla siri ike.Ọ na-esi ike na mgbawa na elu okpomọkụ.HV nke 1473K bụ 2940MPa, nke siri ike ịhazi.

Ojiji

Enwere ike iji Osmium dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali na ụlọ ọrụ.Mgbe ị na-eji osmium dị ka ihe na-eme ka amonia synthesis ma ọ bụ mmeghachi omume hydrogenation, enwere ike nweta ngbanwe dị elu na obere okpomọkụ.Ọ bụrụ na etinyere ntakịrị osmium na platinum, enwere ike ịme ya ka ọ bụrụ osmium platinum alloy scalpel siri ike ma dịkwa nkọ.Enwere ike ime alloy Osmium iridium site na iji osmium na obere iridium.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntụpọ ọlaọcha dị n'ọnụ ọnụ ụfọdụ pensụl ọla edo dị elu bụ osmium iridium alloy.Osmium iridium alloy siri ike ma na-eguzogide ọgwụ, enwere ike iji ya dị ka ibu nke clocks na ngwá ọrụ dị mkpa, na-eji ogologo ndụ ọrụ.