Ibyuma bya silicon

Ibyuma bya Silicon mubisanzwe bishyirwa mubikorwa ukurikije ibyuma, aluminium na calcium, imyanda itatu nyamukuru ikubiye mubyuma bya silicon.Ukurikije ibirimo ibyuma, aluminium na calcium mubyuma bya silicon, ibyuma bya silicon birashobora kugabanywamo 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101 nizindi nzego zitandukanye.

Mu nganda, ibyuma bya silicon mubusanzwe bikozwe mukugabanya dioxyde ya silikoni ikomoka kuri karubone mu itanura ryamashanyarazi.Ikigereranyo cya reaction ya chimique: SiO2 + 2C → Si + 2CO kuburyo ubuziranenge bwa silicon ari 97 ~ 98%, bita icyuma cya silicon.Nyuma yo gushonga, kongera gukora, umwanda wakuweho aside, habonetse ubwiza bwa 99.7 ~ 99.8% bya silicon.

Icyuma cya Silicon kigizwe ahanini na silicon bityo kikaba gifite imiterere isa na silicon.Hano hari allotropes ebyiri za amorphous silicon na silicon kristaline.Amorphous silicon ni ifu yumukara-umukara mubyukuri ni microcrystal.Silicon ya Crystalline ifite imiterere ya kristu hamwe na semiconductor ya diyama, gushonga 1410 ℃, ingingo yatetse 2355 ℃, ubucucike 2.32 ~ 2.34 g / cm 3, ubukana bwa Mohs 7, bworoshye.Amorphous silicification ifite imiti ikora kandi irashobora gutwika cyane muri ogisijeni.Irashobora kwitwara hamwe nubutare nka halogene, azote na karubone mubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi irashobora no gukorana nibyuma nka magnesium, calcium na fer kugirango ikore siliside.Amorphous silicon hafi ya yose idashobora gushonga muri acide zose zidasanzwe na organic, harimo aside hydrofluoric, ariko igashonga mukuvanga aside nitric na aside hydrofluoric.Igisubizo cya sodium hydroxide irashobora gushonga silicon amorphous ikarekura gaze ya hydrogen.Silicon ya Crystalline ntigikora kandi ntishobora guhumeka hamwe na ogisijeni no mubushyuhe bwinshi.Ntishobora gukemuka muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwa acide organic organique na organic organique, ariko irashobora gushonga muruvange rwa acide ya nitric na aside hydrofluoric no mubisubizo bya hydroxide ya sodium.