Silicon simbi inowanzoiswa maererano nezviri mukati mesimbi, aruminiyamu uye calcium, iwo matatu makuru etsvina ari musilicon simbi kuumbwa.Zvinoenderana nezviri mukati mesimbi, aluminium uye calcium musilicon simbi, simbi yesilicon inogona kukamurwa kuita 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101 uye mamwe mamakisi akasiyana.
Muindasitiri, simbi yesilicon inowanzogadzirwa nekudzikisa silicon dioxide kubva kabhoni muchoto chemagetsi.Chemical reaction equation: SiO2 + 2C → Si + 2CO kuitira kuti kuchena kwesilicon kuve 97~98%, inonzi silicon simbi.Mushure mekunyunguduka, recrystallization, tsvina yakabviswa neasidhi, kuchena kwe99.7 ~ 99.8% silicon metal yakawanikwa.
Silicon simbi inoumbwa zvakanyanya nesilicon uye nekudaro ine zvinhu zvakafanana kune silicon.Kune maviri allotropes eamorphous silicon uye crystalline silicon.Amorphous silicon ipfumbu-yakasviba poda iyo iri chaizvo microcrystal.Crystalline silicon ine chimiro chekristaro uye semiconductor zvimiro zvedhaimondi, nzvimbo yekunyunguduka 1410 ℃, inovira poindi 2355 ℃, density 2.32 ~ 2.34 g/cm 3, Mohs kuoma 7, brittle.Amorphous silicification ine inoshanda makemikari zvimiro uye inogona kupisa zvakanyanya muokisijeni.Inogona kuita nenonmetals senge halogen, nitrogen uye kabhoni pakupisa kwakanyanya, uye inogona zvakare kuita nesimbi senge magnesium, calcium uye iron kugadzira silicides.Amorphous silicon inenge isingagadzirike mune zvese inorganic uye organic acids, kusanganisira hydrofluoric acid, asi inonyungudika mumusanganiswa wenitric acid uye hydrofluoric acid.Yakagadziriswa sodium hydroxide mhinduro inogona kunyungudutsa amorphous silicon uye kuburitsa hydrogen gasi.Crystalline silicon haishande uye haiputi neokisijeni kunyangwe pakupisa kwakanyanya.Iyo isinganyungudike mumhando ipi neipi yeinorganic uye organic acids, asi inonyungudika mumusanganiswa wenitric acid uye hydrofluoric acid uye mune yakasanganiswa sodium hydroxide mhinduro.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-17-2023